Lesson Rationale:
Multiple Perspectives:
Students will view multiple perspectives throughout this unit. These perspectives will allow for students to interpret historical events with "all of the facts". Students will be asked to determine whether or not information is biased, based on source- and must use this knowledge to help mold their understanding of events and documents from the Renaissance, Reformation, and Counter-Reformation.
Examples include, but are not limited to:
Examples include, but are not limited to:
- Artwork from multiple Renaissance artists
- Literature from many famous authors and poets, including Petrarch, Shakespeare, and Chaucer
- Views of the Protestant Reformation: The Pope's Perspective, Martin Luther, John Wycliffe, The Council of Trent, Pope Leo X, Jan Hus, King Henry VIII, Queen Mary
Primary and Secondary Source Analysis:
Students will analyze both primary and secondary sources on a daily basis. These documents present a historical understanding of this time period and allow for students to improve their own historical inquiry skills. The teacher will use prompting and probing questions to assist students' understanding of document representation. Students will be formally assessed on their ability to interpret documents through use of a DBQ Essay. Students will also view biographies, trial transcripts, and artwork to get an accurate perspective of the time period.
Examples of Primary and Secondary Source Analysis:
Examples of Primary and Secondary Source Analysis:
- Boccacio's Decameron
- Lorenzo de Medici's letter to his son, the Cardinal
- Renaissance Artwork from Raphael, Donatello, Michelangelo, Da Vinci, Durer, etc.
- Martin Luther's 95 Theses
- Biographies of Jan Hus, Queen Mary, King Henry VIII, Erasmus, etc.
- Documents from the Council of Trent
- Gutenberg's Printing Press DBQ
- Sonnets from Petrarch and Shakespeare
- Maps
- Video Secondary Sources: Development of the Renaissance (Da Vinci's World) and movement towards Anglicanism (The Six Wives of Henry VIII)
Interpretation:
Students will be given guided questions to assist them in acquiring accurate interpretation of documents. While students may find that they have different conclusions for documents- the teacher will play devil's advocate and allow all interpretations. However, the teacher will require that all interpretations be supported by documentation. These interpretations will be evidenced during class discussions, assignments, and assessments.
Specific Discussion Examples can include:
Specific Discussion Examples can include:
- Lorenzo de Medici's letter to his son, the Cardinal. Why did he write this letter? Was it to benefit the Medici family? Or was it to remind his son to remain loyal to his faith?
- Martin Luther's 95 Theses: Was Martin Luther suggesting that the Catholic Church be reformed or did he simply want an entirely new religion? Did he know his actions would have the impact they did?
- King Henry VIII's divorce to Catherine of Aragon: Was he looking for a reason to assume more power than the Pope? Does this help England's position of power in European politics?
Multiple Causes/Effects:
Students will build upon their content knowledge while learning that multiple causes spurred the Renaissance, while the Renaissance spurred many reactions both within Europe and the globe.
Examples of such include the causes of the Renaissance, Reformation, and Counter-Reformation. The effects of such events will give way into the next unit of study: The Age of Exploration and Colonization of the Americas.
Students will see that different cultures were drawn to the Renaissance and Reform movements because of different elements- such as trade, regional location, political prowess, and religious beliefs.
Examples of such include the causes of the Renaissance, Reformation, and Counter-Reformation. The effects of such events will give way into the next unit of study: The Age of Exploration and Colonization of the Americas.
Students will see that different cultures were drawn to the Renaissance and Reform movements because of different elements- such as trade, regional location, political prowess, and religious beliefs.
Change and Continuity Over Time:
Students will identify changes and continuities over time by utilizing many different charts, notes, and graphic organizers. Of those, students will utilize their PIRATES (political, intellectual, religious, artistic, technological, economical, and social) chart to identify changes and continuities from previous units. Students will also use time-lines and discussions to illustrate each point.
Specific Examples of Change and Continuity Include:
Specific Examples of Change and Continuity Include:
- Transition from Religious Art to Humanistic subjects during the Renaissance period.
- Transfer of power from Religious leaders (Pope) to National Leaders.
- Religious Loyalties: Catholicism to Anglicanism
- The Inquisitions and the Council of Trent: The Power maintained by the Catholic Church